ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Analysis of Relative Biological Effectiveness of Proton Beams and Iso-effective Dose Profiles Using Geant4
Background: The assessment of RBE quantity in the treatment of cancer tumors with proton beams in treatment planning systems (TPS) is of high significance. Given the significance of the issue and the studies conducted in the literature, this quantity is fixed and is taken as equal to 1.1.Objective: The main objective of this study was to assess RBE quantity of proton beams and their variations in different depths of the tumor. This dependency makes RBE values used in TPS no longer be fixed as they depend on the depth of the tumor and therefore this dependency causes some changes in the physical dose profile.Materials and Methods: The energy spectrum of protons was measured at various depths of the tumor using proton beam simulations and well as the complete simulation of a cell to a pair of DNA bases through Monte Carlo GEANT4. The resulting energy spectrum was used to estimate the number of double-strand breaks generated in cells. Finally, RBE values were calculated in terms of the penetration depth in the tumor.Results and Conclusion: The simulation results show that the RBE value not fixed terms of the depth of the tumor and it differs from the clinical value of 1.1 at the end of the dose profile and this will lead to a non-uniform absorbed dose profile. Therefore, to create a uniform impact dose area, deep-finishing systems need to be designed by taking into account deep RBE values.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43254_f4f9e92477ba6c0dd91ad7857db82766.pdf
2017-06-01
95
100
Proton therapy
Relative Biological Radiation Effectiveness
Geant4
Absorbed Dose
Iso-effective Dose
DSB
M A
Hosseini
hosseini_sma@sums.ac.ir
1
Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
S B
Jia
2
Department of Physics, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Ebrahimi-Loushab
ebrahimi@tvu.ac.ir
3
Quchan Technical and Vocational University of Iran, Quchan, Iran
AUTHOR
Relative biological effectivness in ion beam therapy. IAEA; 2008. p. 461.
1
Weights IBo, Measures, Taylor BN, Thompson A. The international system of units (SI). 2001.
2
Protection ICoR. ICRP Publication 60: 1990 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection: Elsevier Health Sciences; 1991.
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Agostinelli S, Allison J, Amako Ka, Apostolakis J, Araujo H, Arce P, et al. Geant4—a simulation toolkit. Nuclear instruments and methods in physics research section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. 2003;506:250-303. doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(03)01368-8.
4
Allison J, Amako K, Apostolakis Jea, Araujo H, Dubois PA, Asai M, et al. Geant4 developments and applications. Nuclear Science, IEEE Transactions on. 2006;53:270-8. doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2006.869826.
5
Incerti S, Baldacchino G, Bernal M, Capra R, Champion C, Francis Z, et al. The Geant4-DNA project. International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing. 2010;1:157-78. doi.org/10.1142/S1793962310000122.
6
Incerti S, Ivanchenko A, Karamitros M, Mantero A, Moretto P, Tran HN, et al. Comparison of GEANT4 very low energy cross section models with experimental data in water. Med Phys. 2010;37:4692-708. doi.org/10.1118/1.3476457. PubMed PMID: 20964188.
7
Bernal MA, Bordage MC, Brown JM, Davidkova M, Delage E, El Bitar Z, et al. Track structure modeling in liquid water: A review of the Geant4-DNA very low energy extension of the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit. Phys Med. 2015;31:861-74. doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.10.087. PubMed PMID: 26653251.
8
Bernal M, Sikansi D, Cavalcante F, Incerti S, Champion C, Ivanchenko V, et al. An atomistic geometrical model of the B-DNA configuration for DNA–radiation interaction simulations. Computer Physics Communications. 2013;184:2840-7. doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2013.07.015.
9
Jia SB, Hadizadeh MH, Mowlavi AA, Loushab ME. Evaluation of energy deposition and secondary particle production in proton therapy of brain using a slab head phantom. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. 2014;19:376-84. doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2014.04.008. PubMed PMID: 25337410. PubMed PMCID: 4201772.
10
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Beam Collimation during Lumbar Spine Radiography: A Retrospective Study
Introduction: Collimating the primary beam to the area of diagnostic interest (ADI) has been strongly recommended as an effective method to reduce patient’s radiation dose and to improve image quality during radiology practice. Lack or inadequate collimation results in excessive radiation dose to patients and deterioration image quality.Objective: To assess the quality of beam collimation during lumbar spine radiography at two general hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 830 digital antero-posterior (AP) lumbar spine radiographs in term of beam collimation. For each radiograph, the distance between current and optimal collimation was calculated (in cm). The area of ADI and total field size for each radiograph were also calculated (in cm2).Results: The total mean ADI and irradiated region outside ADI for each radiograph were estimated 360 and 454 cm2, respectively. The total irradiated region outside ADI was 1.26 times more than ADI. In contrast to cranial regions outside ADI, caudal regions were more commonly included inside the primary beam (12% vs. 24.4%; P-value <0.005). At least in 62% of radiographs evaluated, ovaries were included in the primary beam. Conclusion: Radiographers should make considerable effort to limit the primary beam to the ADI to reduce patient’s exposure and to increase image quality.Â
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43255_7128ca2505b1bea5f1fc9deef5d778ab.pdf
2017-06-01
101
106
Beam Collimation
Lumbar Spine Radiography
Radiation protection
V
Karami
karami.ajums@yahoo.com
1
Medical Physics Student (MSc), Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
AUTHOR
M
Zabihzadeh
manzabih@gmail.com
2
Assistant Professor (PhD), Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Gyekye PK, Simon A, Geoffrey ER, Johnson Y, Stephen I, Engmann CK, et al. Radiation dose estimation of patients undergoing lumbar spine radiography. J Med Phys. 2013;38:185-8. doi.org/10.4103/0971-6203.121196. PubMed PMID: 24672153. PubMed PMCID: 3958998.
1
Gholamhosseinian-Najjar H, Bahreyni-Toosi M-T, Zare M-H, Sadeghi H-R, Sadoughi H-R. Quality Control Status of Radiology Centers of Hospitals Associated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Iranian Journal of Medical Physics. 2014;11:182-7.
2
Mekis N, Zontar D, Skrk D. The effect of breast shielding during lumbar spine radiography. Radiol Oncol. 2013;47:26-31. doi.org/10.2478/raon-2013-0004. PubMed PMID: 23450158. PubMed PMCID: 3573831.
3
Clancy CL, O’Reilly G, Brennan PC, McEntee MF. The effect of patient shield position on gonad dose during lumbar spine radiography. Radiography. 2010;16:131-5. doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2009.10.004.
4
Protection R. ICRP publication 103. Ann. ICRP. 2007;37:2.
5
Dowd SB, Tilson ER. Practical radiation protection and applied radiobiology: WB Saunders; 1999.
6
Bailey E, Anderson V. Syllabus on Radiography Radiation Protection. Sacramento, State of California; 1995. p. 46-50.
7
Engel-Hills P. Radiation protection in medical imaging. Radiography. 2006;12:153-60. doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2005.04.008.
8
Zetterberg LG, Espeland A. Lumbar spine radiography--poor collimation practices after implementation of digital technology. Br J Radiol. 2011;84:566-9. doi.org/10.1259/bjr/74571469. PubMed PMID: 21606070. PubMed PMCID: 3473630.
9
Debess J, Johnsen K, Thomsen H. Digital chest radiography: collimation and dose reduction. Breast. 2015;1:14.0-9.2.
10
Long BW, Rollins JH, Smith BJ. Merrill’s Atlas of Radiographic Positioning and Procedures: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2015.
11
Carver E, Carver B. Medical imaging: techniques, reflection and evaluation: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2012.
12
Adams JE, Lenchik L, Roux C, Genant HK. Radiological Assessment of Vertebral Fracture. International Osteoporosis Foundation Vertebral Fracture Initiative Resource Document Part II; 2010.
13
Herrmann TL, Fauber TL, Gill J, Hoffman C, Orth DK, Peterson PA, et al. Best practices in digital radiography. Radiol Technol. 2012;84:83-9. PubMed PMID: 22988267.
14
Morrison G, John SD, Goske MJ, Charkot E, Herrmann T, Smith SN, et al. Pediatric digital radiography education for radiologic technologists: current state. Pediatr Radiol. 2011;41:602-10. doi.org/10.1007/s00247-010-1904-3. PubMed PMID: 21491200.
15
Rahimi S, Salar S, Asadi A. Evaluation of Technical, Protective and Technological operation of Radiologists in Hospitals of Mazandaran Medical Science Universities. J Mazandaran Univ Med Sci. 2007;17:131-40.
16
Chaparian A, Kanani A, Baghbanian M. Reduction of radiation risks in patients undergoing some X-ray examinations by using optimal projections: A Monte Carlo program-based mathematical calculation. J Med Phys. 2014;39:32-9. doi.org/10.4103/0971-6203.125500. PubMed PMID: 24600170. PubMed PMCID: 3931225.
17
Vader JP, Terraz O, Perret L, Aroua A, Valley JF, Burnand B. Use of and irradiation from plain lumbar spine radiography in Switzerland. Swiss Med Wkly. 2004;134:419-22. PubMed PMID: 15389352.
18
Karami V, Zabihzadeh M, Gholami M. Gonad Shielding for Patients Undergoing Conventional Radiological Examinations: Is There Cause for Concern? Jentashapir Journal of Health Research. 2016 (In Press). doi.org/10.17795/jjhr-31170.
19
Doolan A, Brennan PC, Rainford LA, Healy J. Gonad protection for the antero-posterior projection of the pelvis in diagnostic radiography in Dublin hospitals. Radiography. 2004;10:15-21. doi.org/10.1016/j.radi.2003.12.002.
20
Gul A, Zafar M, Maffulli N. Gonadal shields in pelvic radiographs in pediatric patients. Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 2005;63:13-4. PubMed PMID: 16536211.
21
Miglioretti DL, Johnson E, Williams A, Greenlee RT, Weinmann S, Solberg LI, et al. The use of computed tomography in pediatrics and the associated radiation exposure and estimated cancer risk. JAMA Pediatr. 2013;167:700-7. doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.311. PubMed PMID: 23754213. PubMed PMCID: 3936795.
22
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Enhancement of Toxic Substances Clearance from Blood Equvalent Solution and Human Whole Blood through High Flux Dialyzer by 1 MHz Ultrasound
Background: Hemodialysis is a process of removing waste and excess fluid from blood when kidneys cannot function efficiently. It often involves diverting blood to the filter of the dialysis machin to be cleared of toxic substances. Fouling of pores in dialysis membrane caused by adhesion of plasma protein and other toxins will reduce the efficacy of the filtre.Objective: In This study, the influence of pulsed ultrasound waves on diffusion and the prevention of fouling in the filter membrane were investigated.Material and Methods: Pulsed ultrasound waves with frequency of 1 MHz at an intensity of 1 W/cm2 was applied to the high flux (PES 130) filter. Blood and blood equivalent solutions were passed through the filter in separate experimental setups. The amount of Creatinine, Urea and Inulin cleared from both blood equvalent solution and human whole blood passed through High Flux (PES 130) filter were measured in the presence and absence of ultrasound irradiation. Samples were taken from the outlet of the dialyzer every five minutes and the clearance of each constituent was calculated.Results: Statistical analysis of the blood equvalent solution and whole blood indicated the clearance of Urea and Inulin in the presence of ultrasound increased (p<0.05), while no significant effects were observed for Creatinine.Conclusion: It may be concluded that ultrasound, as a mechanical force, can increase the rate of clearance of some toxins (such as middle and large molecules) in the hemodialysis process.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43256_475632c8c834bdebee3a700ebba0fd8b.pdf
2017-06-01
107
116
Ultrasound
High Flux Dialyzer
Creatinine
Urea
Inulin
M B
Shiran
shiran.m@iums.ac.ir
1
Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
M
Barzegar Marvasti
2
Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
A
Shakeri-Zadeh
shakeriz@iums.ac.ir
3
Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Shahidi
4
Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
N
Tabkhi
5
Company of Samin Teb Soroush (Smart), Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
F
Farkhondeh
6
Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
E
Kalantar
7
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
A
Asadinejad
8
Company of MEDITECHSYS, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Nissenson AR, Fine RE. Handbook of dialysis therapy: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016.
1
Bai R, Leow H. Microfiltration of activated sludge wastewater—the effect of system operation parameters. Separation and Purification Technology. 2002;29(2):189-98. doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(02)00075-8.
2
Cui Z, Chang S, Fane A. The use of gas bubbling to enhance membrane processes. Journal of Membrane Science. 2003;221(1):1-35. doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(03)00246-1.
3
Genkin G, Waite T, Fane A, Chang S. The effect of vibration and coagulant addition on the filtration performance of submerged hollow fibre membranes. Journal of Membrane Science. 2006;281(1):726-34. doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2006.04.048.
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Kennedy M, Kim S-M, Mutenyo I, Broens L, Schippers J. Intermittent crossflushing of hollow fiber ultrafiltration systems. Desalination. 1998;118(1-3):175-87. doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(98)00121-0.
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Shakeri-Zadeh A, Khoei S, Khoee S, Sharifi AM, Shiran MB. Combination of ultrasound and newly synthesized magnetic nanocapsules affects the temperature profile of CT26 tumors in BALB/c mice. J Med Ultrason (2001). 2015;42(1):9-16. doi.org/10.1007/s10396-014-0558-4. PubMed PMID: 26578485.
6
Shakeri-Zadeh A, Khoee S, Shiran M-B, Sharifi AM, Khoei S. Synergistic effects of magnetic drug targeting using a newly developed nanocapsule and tumor irradiation by ultrasound on CT26 tumors in BALB/c mice. Journal of Materials Chemistry B. 2015;3(9):1879-87. doi.org/10.1039/C4TB01708K.
7
Jafarian Dehkordi F, Shakeri-Zadeh A, Khoei S, Ghadiri H, Shiran M-B. Thermal distribution of ultrasound waves in prostate tumor: comparison of computational modeling with in vivo experiments. ISRN Biomathematics. 2013;2013.
8
Beik J, Abed Z, Shakeri-Zadeh A, Nourbakhsh M, Shiran MB. Evaluation of the sonosensitizing properties of nano-graphene oxide in comparison with iron oxide and gold nanoparticles. Physica E: Low-dimensional Systems and Nanostructures. 2016;81:308-14. doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2016.03.023.
9
Chen D, Weavers LK, Walker HW. Ultrasonic control of ceramic membrane fouling: Effect of particle characteristics. Water Res. 2006;40(4):840-50. doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2005.12.031. PubMed PMID: 16442583.
10
Kyllönen H, Pirkonen P, Nyström M. Membrane filtration enhanced by ultrasound: a review. Desalination. 2005;181(1-3):319-35. doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2005.06.003.
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Masselin I, Chasseray X, Durand-Bourlier L, Lainé J-M, Syzaret P-Y, Lemordant D. Effect of sonication on polymeric membranes. Journal of Membrane Science. 2001;181(2):213-20. doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(00)00534-2.
12
Cai M, Zhao S, Liang H. Mechanisms for the enhancement of ultrafiltration and membrane cleaning by different ultrasonic frequencies. Desalination. 2010;263(1):133-8. doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.06.049.
13
Lamminen MO, Walker HW, Weavers LK. Cleaning of particle-fouled membranes during cross-flow filtration using an embedded ultrasonic transducer system. Journal of Membrane Science. 2006;283(1):225-32. doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2006.06.034.
14
Nii S, Oketani S, Kawaizumi F, Takahashi K. Effects of ultrasonic irradiation on solute permeation through a dialysis membrane. Journal of chemical engineering of Japan. 2005;38(7):497-501. doi.org/10.1252/jcej.38.497.
15
Kobayashi T, Hosaka Y, Fujii N. Ultrasound-enhanced membrane-cleaning processes applied water treatments: influence of sonic frequency on filtration treatments. Ultrasonics. 2003;41(3):185-90. doi.org/10.1016/S0041-624X(02)00462-6. PubMed PMID: 12726939.
16
Kobayashi T, Chai X, Fujii N. Ultrasound enhanced cross-flow membrane filtration. Separation and Purification Technology. 1999;17(1):31-40. doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(99)00023-4.
17
Wei J, Wei G, Xiaoping L, Pingfang H, Yanru W. Effect of the ultrasound generated by flat plate transducer cleaning on polluted polyvinylidenefluoride hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering. 2008;16(5):801-4. doi.org/10.1016/S1004-9541(08)60159-7.
18
Chai X, Kobayashi T, Fujii N. Ultrasound effect on cross-flow filtration of polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membranes. Journal of Membrane Science. 1998;148(1):129-35. doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(98)00145-8.
19
Chai X, Kobayashi T, Fujii N. Ultrasound-associated cleaning of polymeric membranes for water treatment. Separation and Purification Technology. 1999;15(2):139-46. doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5866(98)00091-4.
20
Wang X-l, Li X-f, Fu X-q, Chen R, Gao B. Effect of ultrasound irradiation on polymeric microfiltration membranes. Desalination. 2005;175(2):187-96. doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2004.08.044.
21
Kennedy LC, Bickford LR, Lewinski NA, Coughlin AJ, Hu Y, Day ES, et al. A new era for cancer treatment: gold-nanoparticle-mediated thermal therapies. Small. 2011;7(2):169-83. doi.org/10.1002/smll.201000134. PubMed PMID: 21213377.
22
Tatsumoto N, Kawano N, Tsuda M, Harada S, Fujii S. The effect of the ultrasonic irradiation on clearance in dialyzer-model. Journal of the Acoustical Society of Japan (E). 1989;10(1):31-7. doi.org/10.1250/ast.10.31.
23
Sargent JA, Gotch FA. Principles and biophysics of dialysis. Replacement of renal function by dialysis: Springer; 1979. p. 38-68.
24
Hakim RM, Lazarus JM. Initiation of dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1995;6(5):1319-28.
25
Depner TA. Hemodialysis adequacy: basic essentials and practical points for the nephrologist in training. Hemodial Int. 2005;9(3):241-54. doi.org/10.1111/j.1492-7535.2005.01138.x. PubMed PMID: 16191074.
26
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Oral Administration of Vitamin C, Cimetidine and Famotidine on Micronuclei Induced by Low Dose Radiation in Mouse Bone Marrow Cells
Background: In many studies, chemicals and natural materials were tested to reduce the harmful effects of radiation. It is known that Famotidine and vitamin C reduce DNA damage.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radioprotective effect of vitamin C, Cimetidine and Famotidine on gamma-radiation-induced damage on mouse bone marrow. Methods: Six-to-seven week male NMRI mice (28 g ±3) were randomly divided into fourteen groups: control, 2Gy irradiation, six group drugs without irradition (Famotidine, Cimetidine, vitaminC, Fam-Cim, Fam-Vit, Cim-Vit), six groups received drugs and 2Gy radiation with a 60Co |γ|-ray source at room temperature 22 ± 2 °C. The mice were killed 48 hours after irradiation by cervical dislocation. Slides were prepared from bone marrow cells and stained in May-Granwald and Giemsa. Finally, the cells were counted with microscope, frequencies of polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE), normochoromatic erythrocyte (NCE) and their micronuclated cell were recorded. PCE / PCE + NCE were calculated. Results: There were significant differences of MNPCE/1000PCE, MNNCE/1000NCE and PCE/PCE+NCE among different groups with similar radiation doses (p≤0.01). Moreover, there were significant differences of MNPCE/1000PCE and PCE/PCE+NCE among different doses of radiation (p≤0.01). While considering MNNCE/1000NCE, there were no significant differences among silimar groups with radiation dose (p˃0.05).Conclusion: Oral administration of Famotidine, vitamin C and Cimetidine demonstrate reliable and similar radioprotective effects. Additionally, the protective effect of single use of these drugs was similar to the combination form. Thus, the oral use of combination, 48 hours after irradiation cannot induce more radioprotective effect.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43257_7433017f99cea8572b1563fb83f1e12e.pdf
2017-06-01
117
126
Micronuclei
Radiation
Radioprotection
Cimetidine
Vitamin C
Famotidine
A
Naeeji
naeiji_ali@yahoo.com
1
Radiology Technology Department, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
H
Mozdarani
2
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
A
Shabestani Monfared
monfared_ali@yahoo.com
3
Cellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Medical Physics Department, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
AUTHOR
F
Faeghi
4
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
A A
Ahmadi
ahmadi.pasteur@gmail.com
5
North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran
AUTHOR
M
Gholami
6
Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
R
Behzadi
behzadi_123@yahoo.com
7
North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran
AUTHOR
M R
Momtaz
mom_1351@yahoo.com
8
North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran
AUTHOR
Krishna G, Fiedler R, Theiss JC. Simultaneous evaluation of clastogenicity, aneugenicity and toxicity in the mouse micronucleus assay using immunofluorescence. Mutat Res. 1992;282:159-67. doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(92)90090-5. PubMed PMID: 1378548.
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Riley PA. Free radicals in biology: oxidative stress and the effects of ionizing radiation. Int J Radiat Biol. 1994;65:27-33. doi.org/10.1080/09553009414550041. PubMed PMID: 7905906.
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LaVerne JA. OH radicals and oxidizing products in the gamma radiolysis of water. Radiat Res. 2000;153:196-200. doi.org/10.1667/0033-7587(2000)153[0196:ORAOPI]2.0.CO;2. PubMed PMID: 10629619.
4
Mozdarani H, Nasirian B, Haeri SA. In vivo gamma-rays induced initial DNA damage and the effect of famotidine in mouse leukocytes as assayed by the alkaline comet assay. J Radiat Res. 2007;48:129-34. doi.org/10.1269/jrr.06055. PubMed PMID: 17299251.
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Shahidi M, Mozdarani H. Potent radioprotective effect of therapeutic doses of ranitidine and famotidine against gamma-rays induced micronuclei in vivo. Iran J Radiat Res. 2003;1:29-35.
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Almassy Z, Krepinsky AB, Bianco A, Koteles GJ. The present state and perspectives of micronucleus assay in radiation protection. A review. Int J Rad Appl Instrum A. 1987;38:241-9. doi.org/10.1016/0883-2889(87)90033-5. PubMed PMID: 3040627.
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Jenssen D, Ramel C. The micronucleus test as part of a short-term mutagenicity test program for the prediction of carcinogenicity evaluated by 143 agents tested. Mutat Res. 1980;75:191-202. doi.org/10.1016/0165-1110(80)90014-7. PubMed PMID: 7366601.
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Hayashi M, Tice RR, MacGregor JT, Anderson D, Blakey DH, Kirsh-Volders M, et al. In vivo rodent erythrocyte micronucleus assay. Mutat Res. 1994;312:293-304. doi.org/10.1016/0165-1161(94)90039-6. PubMed PMID: 7514741.
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Singh VK, Brown DS, Kao TC. Tocopherol succinate: a promising radiation countermeasure. Int Immunopharmacol. 2009;9:1423-30. doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2009.08.020. PubMed PMID: 19735742.
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Joshi Y, Jadhav T, Kadam V. Radioprotective-A pharmacological intervention for protection against ionizing radiations: A review. The Internet Journal of Internal Medicine. 2010;8.
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Weiss JF. Pharmacologic approaches to protection against radiation-induced lethality and other damage. Environ Health Perspect. 1997;105:1473-8. doi.org/10.1289/ehp.97105s61473. PubMed PMID: 9467066. PubMed PMCID: 1469917.
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Konopacka M, Widel M, Rzeszowska-Wolny J. Modifying effect of vitamins C, E and beta-carotene against gamma-ray-induced DNA damage in mouse cells. Mutat Res. 1998;417:85-94. doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(98)00095-3. PubMed PMID: 9733928.
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El-Nahas SM, Mattar FE, Mohamed AA. Radioprotective effect of vitamins C and E. Mutat Res. 1993;301:143-7. doi.org/10.1016/0165-7992(93)90037-V. PubMed PMID: 7678172.
15
Mozdarani H, Nazari E. Cytogenetic damage in preimplantation mouse embryos generated after paternal and parental gamma-irradiation and the influence of vitamin C. Reproduction. 2009;137:35-43. doi.org/10.1530/REP-08-0073. PubMed PMID: 18827066.
16
Kanter M, Akpolat M. Vitamin C protects against ionizing radiation damage to goblet cells of the ileum in rats. Acta Histochem. 2008;110:481-90. doi.org/10.1016/j.acthis.2008.07.006. PubMed PMID: 19007656.
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50
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Melatonin Role in Ameliorating Radiation-induced Skin Damage: From Theory to Practice (A Review of Literature)
Normal skin is composed of epidermis and dermis. Skin is susceptible to radiation damage because it is a continuously renewing organ containing rapidly proliferating mature cells. Radiation burn is a damage to the skin or other biological tissues caused by exposure to radiofrequency energy or ionizing radiation. Acute skin reaction is the most frequently occurring side effect of radiation therapy. Generally, any chemical/biological agent given before or at the time of irradiation to prevent or ameliorate damage to normal tissues is called a radioprotector. Melatonin is a highly lipophilic substance that easily penetrates organic membranes and therefore is able to protect important intracellular structures including mitochondria and DNA against oxidative damage directly at the sites where such a kind of damage would occur. Melatonin leads to an increase in the molecular level of some important antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide, dismotase and glutation-peroxidase, and also a reduction in synthetic activity of nitric oxide. There is a large body of evidence which proves the efficacy of Melatonin in ameliorating UV and X ray-induced skin damage. We propose that, in the future, Melatonin would improve the therapeutic ratio in radiation oncology and ameliorate skin damage more effectively when administered in optimal and non-toxic doses.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43253_d0ca0248c00ccc165ba0d245246b0ed4.pdf
2017-06-01
127
136
Radiation
Melatonin
Radiotherapy
Skin Damage
A
Abbaszadeh
abbaszadeh443@gmail.com
1
Department of Radiology and Radiobiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
G H
Haddadi
2
Department of Radiology and Radiobiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Z
Haddadi
3
Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
AUTHOR
McQuestion M. Evidence-based skin care management in radiation therapy. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2006;22(3):163-73. doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2006.04.004. PubMed PMID: 16893745.
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2
Ryan JL. Ionizing radiation: the good, the bad, and the ugly. J Invest Dermatol. 2012;132:985-93. doi.org/10.1038/jid.2011.411. PubMed PMID: 22217743. PubMed PMCID: 3779131.
3
Waghmare CM. Radiation burn--from mechanism to management. Burns. 2013;39(2):212-9. doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2012.09.012. PubMed PMID: 23092699.
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5
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7
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8
Rezaeyan A, Fardid R, Haddadi G H, Takhshid M A. Evaluating Radioprotective Effect of Hesperidin on Acute Radiation Damage in the Lung Tissue of Rats. J Biomed Phys Eng. 2016; 6(3):165-174. PubMed PMID: 27853724; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC5106549.
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Fardid R., Ghorbani Zh., Haddadi Gh., Behzad-Behbahani A., Arabsolghar R., Kazemi E., Okhovat M. A., Hosseinimehr S. J. Effects of Hesperidin as a Radioprotector on Apoptosis in Rat Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes after Gamma Radiation. J Biomed Phys Eng. 2016; 6(4):217-228. Published online 2016 Dec 1. PMCID: PMC5219572.
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Vardy J, Wong E, Izard M, Clifford A, Clarke SJ. Life-threatening anaphylactoid reaction to amifostine used with concurrent chemoradiotherapy for nasopharyngeal cancer in a patient with dermatomyositis: a case report with literature review. Anticancer Drugs. 2002;13(3):327-30. doi.org/10.1097/00001813-200203000-00015. PubMed PMID: 11984077.
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13
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15
Fischer TW, Slominski A, Zmijewski MA, Reiter RJ, Paus R. Melatonin as a major skin protectant: from free radical scavenging to DNA damage repair. Exp Dermatol. 2008;17(9):713-30. doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2008.00767.x. PubMed PMID: 18643846.
16
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20
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21
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22
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23
Fischer TW, Zbytek B, Sayre RM, Apostolov EO, Basnakian AG, Sweatman TW, et al. Melatonin increases survival of HaCaT keratinocytes by suppressing UV-induced apoptosis. J Pineal Res. 2006;40(1):18-26. doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-079X.2005.00273.x. PubMed PMID: 16313494.
24
Izykowska I, Gebarowska E, Cegielski M, Podhorska-Okolow M, Piotrowska A, Zabel M, et al. Effect of melatonin on melanoma cells subjected to UVA and UVB radiation in In vitro studies. In Vivo. 2009;23(5):733-8. PubMed PMID: 19779108.
25
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26
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27
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28
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31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Adaptive Response Induced by Pre-Exposure to 915 MHz Radiofrequency: A Possible Role for Antioxidant Enzyme Activity
Background: Over the past few years, the rapid use of high frequency electromagnetic fields like mobile phones has raised global concerns about the negative health effects of its use. Adaptive response is the ability of a cell or tissue to better resist stress damage by prior exposure to a lesser amount of stress. This study aimed to assess whether radiofrequency radiation can induce adaptive response by changing the antioxidant balance.Materials and Methods: In order to assess RF-induced adaptive response in tissues, we evaluated the level of GSH and the activity of GR in liver. 50 rats were divided into 5 groups. Three groups were pre-exposed to 915 MHz RF radiation, 4 hours per day for one week at different powers, as low, medium and high. 24 hours after the last exposure to radiation, they were exposed to 4 Gy sublethal dose of gamma radiation and then sacrificed after 5 hours. Their livers were removed, washed and were kept at -80o C until used.Results: Our finding showed that pre-exposure to 915 MHz radiofrequency radiation with specific power could induce adaptive response in liver by inducing changes in the activity and level of antioxidant enzymes.Conclusion: It can be concluded that pre-exposure to microwave radiation could increase the level of GSH and the activity of GR enzyme, although these increases were seen just in low power group, and the GR activity was indicated in medium power group. This increase protects tissue from oxidative damage induced by sublethal dose of gamma radiation.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43258_aa8eb66082e5546dd110dcaf350a09a5.pdf
2017-06-01
137
142
Adaptive response
RF Radiation
Antioxidant Enzymes
Glutathione Reductase (GR)
Reduced Glutathione (GSH)
S M J
Mortazavi
mortazavismj@gmail.com
1
Medical Physics and Medical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Z
Mostafavi-Pour
2
Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medicinal Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Daneshmand
3
Radiology Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
F
Zal
4
Reproductive Biology Department, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
R
Zare
5
Biochemistry Department, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medicinal Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
AUTHOR
M A
Mosleh-Shirazi
6
Radiation Physics Section, Radiotherapy, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Verschaeve L, Juutilainen J, Lagroye I, Miyakoshi J, Saunders R, de Seze R, et al. In vitro and in vivo genotoxicity of radiofrequency fields. Mutat Res. 2010;705(3):252-68. doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2010.10.001. PubMed PMID: 20955816.
1
Komatsubara Y, Hirose H, Sakurai T, Koyama S, Suzuki Y, Taki M, et al. Effect of high-frequency electromagnetic fields with a wide range of SARs on chromosomal aberrations in murine m5S cells. Mutat Res. 2005;587(1-2):114-9. doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.08.010. PubMed PMID: 16202641.
2
Luukkonen J, Hakulinen P, Maki-Paakkanen J, Juutilainen J, Naarala J. Enhancement of chemically induced reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells by 872 MHz radiofrequency radiation. Mutat Res. 2009;662(1-2):54-8. doi.org/10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2008.12.005. PubMed PMID: 19135463.
3
Kesari KK, Kumar S, Behari J. 900-MHz microwave radiation promotes oxidation in rat brain. Electromagn Biol Med. 2011;30(4):219-34. doi.org/10.3109/15368378.2011.587930. PubMed PMID: 22047460.
4
Lantow M, Schuderer J, Hartwig C, Simko M. Free radical release and HSP70 expression in two human immune-relevant cell lines after exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation. Radiat Res. 2006;165(1):88-94. doi.org/10.1667/RR3476.1. PubMed PMID: 16392966.
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Lantow M, Viergutz T, Weiss DG, Simko M. Comparative study of cell cycle kinetics and induction of apoptosis or necrosis after exposure of human Mono Mac 6 cells to radiofrequency radiation. Radiat Res. 2006;166(3):539-43. doi.org/10.1667/RR3601.1. PubMed PMID: 16953672.
6
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Jiang B, Zong C, Zhao H, Ji Y, Tong J, Cao Y. Induction of adaptive response in mice exposed to 900MHz radiofrequency fields: application of micronucleus assay. Mutat Res. 2013;751(2):127-9. doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2012.12.003. PubMed PMID: 23295244.
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Hajizadeh MR, Eftekhar E, Zal F, Jafarian A, Mostafavi-Pour Z. Mulberry leaf extract attenuates oxidative stress-mediated testosterone depletion in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Iran J Med Sci. 2014;39(2):123-9. PubMed PMID: 24644381. PubMed PMCID: 3957011.
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Mashhoody T, Rastegar K, Zal F. Perindopril may improve the hippocampal reduced glutathione content in rats. Adv Pharm Bull. 2014;4(2):155-9. PubMed PMID: 24511479. PubMed PMCID: 3915815.
25
Zal F, Mostafavi-Pour Z, Amini F, Heidari A. Effect of vitamin E and C supplements on lipid peroxidation and GSH-dependent antioxidant enzyme status in the blood of women consuming oral contraceptives. Contraception. 2012;86(1):62-6. doi.org/10.1016/j.contraception.2011.11.006. PubMed PMID: 22494786.
26
Ahmadi-Ashtiani HR, Allameh A, Rastegar H, Mortaz E, Saraf Z. Immunoregulatory effects of glutathione during mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to hepatocyte-like cells. Iran J Immunol. 2012;9(3):175-87. PubMed PMID: 23023382.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Simulation study of Hemodynamic in Bifurcations for Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation using Electrical Analogy
Background and Objective: Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation (CAVM) hemodynamic is disease condition, results changes in the flow and pressure level in cerebral blood vessels. Measuring flow and pressure without catheter intervention along the vessel is big challenge due to vessel bifurcations/complex bifurcations in Arteriovenous Malformation patients. The vessel geometry in CAVM patients are complex, composed of varying diameters, lengths, and bifurcations of various angles. The variations in the vessel diameter and bifurcation angle complicate the measurement and analysis of blood flow features invasively or non-invasively.Methods: In this paper, we proposed a lumped model for the bifurcation for symmetrical and asymmetrical networks in CAVM patients. The models are created using MATLAB Simulation software for various bifurcation angles. Each bifurcation angle created using electrical network- RLC. The segmentation and pre-processing of bifurcation vessels are implemented using adaptive segmentation. The proposed network address clinicians problem by measuring hemodynamic non-invasively. The method is applicable for any types of bifurcation networks with different bifurcation angles in CAVM patients.Results: In this work, we constructed a mathematical model, measured hemodynamic for 23 patients (actual and simulated cases) with 60 vessel bifurcation angles variations. The results indicate that comparisons evidenced highly significant correlations between values computed by the lumped model and simulated mechanical model for both networks with p < 0.0001. A P value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.Conclusion: In this paper, we have modelled different bifurcation types and automatically display pressure and flow non-invasively at different node and at different angles of bifurcation in the complex vessel with help of bifurcation parameters, using lumped parameter model. We have simulated for different bifurcation angles and diameters of vessel for various imaging modality and model extend for different organs. This will help clinicians to measure haemodynamic parameters noninvasively at various bifurcations, where even catheter cannot be reached.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43259_27b091723d3a80ffd53dffe4867bd573.pdf
2017-06-01
143
154
Bifurcation
AVM
Modelling
Lumped Parameter
Y
Kiran Kumar
kiran.kumary@philips.com
1
Philips Research, Research Scholar, Manipal University, India
LEAD_AUTHOR
S B
Mehta
2
Manipal University, India
AUTHOR
M
Ramachandra
3
Manipal University, India
AUTHOR
Massoud TF, Hademenos GJ, Young WL, Gao E, Pile-Spellman J. Can induction of systemic hypotension help prevent nidus rupture complicating arteriovenous malformation embolization?: analysis of underlying mechanism achieved using a theoretical model. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2000;21:1255-67. PubMed PMID: 10954278.
1
Kumar YK, Mehta S, Ramachandra M. Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Modelling. Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine. 2014;6:105-7. doi.org/10.1166/asem.2014.1458.
2
Kalsho G, Kassab GS. Bifurcation asymmetry of the porcine coronary vasculature and its implications on coronary flow heterogeneity. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004;287:H2493-500. doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00371.2004. PubMed PMID: 15548725.
3
Hoogstraten HW, Kootstra JG, Hillen B, Krijger JK, Wensing PJ. Numerical simulation of blood flow in an artery with two successive bends. J Biomech. 1996;29:1075-83. doi.org/10.1016/0021-9290(95)00174-3. PubMed PMID: 8817375.
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Goubergrits L, Affeld K, Fernandez-Britto J, Falcon L. Investigation of geometry and atherosclerosis in the human carotid bifurcations. Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology. 2003;3:31-48. doi.org/10.1142/S0219519403000612.
5
Malve M, Chandra S, Lopez-Villalobos JL, Finol EA, Ginel A, Doblare M. CFD analysis of the human airways under impedance-based boundary conditions: application to healthy, diseased and stented trachea. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2013;16:198-216. doi.org/10.1080/10255842.2011.615743. PubMed PMID: 22220946.
6
Auricchio F, Conti M, Ferrazzano C, Sgueglia GA. A simple framework to generate 3D patient-specific model of coronary artery bifurcation from single-plane angiographic images. Comput Biol Med. 2014;44:97-109. doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.10.027. PubMed PMID: 24377693.
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Smith NP. Coronary flow mechanics: an anatomically based mathematical model of coronary blood flow coupled to cardiac contraction. Thesis (PhD--Engineering Science)--University of Auckland; 1999.
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Mirzaee MR, Ghasemalizadeh O, Firoozabadi B. Exact simulating of human arteries using lumped model and probing constriction in femoral and carotid arteries. American Journal of Applied Sciences. 2009;6:834. doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2009.834.842.
9
Gijsen FJ, Wentzel JJ, Thury A, Lamers B, Schuurbiers JC, Serruys PW, et al. A new imaging technique to study 3-D plaque and shear stress distribution in human coronary artery bifurcations in vivo. J Biomech. 2007;40:2349-57. doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2006.12.007. PubMed PMID: 17335832.
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Blagojevic M, Nikolic A, Zivkovic M, Stankovic G. A novel framework for fluid/structure interaction in rapid subject-specific simulations of blood flow in coronary artery bifurcations. Vojnosanit Pregl. 2014;71:285-92. doi.org/10.2298/VSP1403285B. PubMed PMID: 24697016.
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13
Romijn M, Gratama van Andel HA, van Walderveen MA, Sprengers ME, van Rijn JC, van Rooij WJ, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of CT angiography with matched mask bone elimination for detection of intracranial aneurysms: comparison with digital subtraction angiography and 3D rotational angiography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2008;29:134-9. doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A0741. PubMed PMID: 17928381.
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Kumar YK, Mehta SB, Ramachandra M. Vascular Segmentation of Cerebral AVM. Advances in Research. 2014;2:52-7. doi.org/10.9734/AIR/2014/7044.
20
Wang S, editor. A Lumped Parameters Dynamic Model for Cerebral Circulation. 7th Asian-Pacific Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering: Springer; 2008.
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Gehalot P, Zhang R, Mathew A, Behbehani K. Efficacy of using mean arterial blood pressure sequence for three-element Windkessel model estimation. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2006;1:1379-82. doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2006.259977. PubMed PMID: 17946889.
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Pries AR, Secomb TW, Gaehtgens P. Structural adaptation and stability of microvascular networks: theory and simulations. Am J Physiol. 1998;275:H349-60. PubMed PMID: 9683420.
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Farnoush A, Avolio A, Qian Y. Effect of bifurcation angle configuration and ratio of daughter diameters on hemodynamics of bifurcation aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2013;34:391-6. doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3222. PubMed PMID: 22859285.
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Kumar YK, Mehta S, Ramachandra M. A Novel method of Lumped parameter modelling-Arteriovenous Malformation. The 2013 International Conference on Science and Engineering in Biology, Medical and Public Health: Biomed Pub; 2013.
27
De Lazzari C, Neglia D, Ferrari G, Bernini F, Micalizzi M, L’Abbate A, et al. Computer simulation of coronary flow waveforms during caval occlusion. Methods Inf Med. 2009;48:113-22. doi.org/10.3414/me0539. PubMed PMID: 19283307.
28
Bhojwani SN. Simulation of physiological signals using wavelets: University of Akron; 2007.
29
SPSS Base 10.0 for Windows User’s Guide. SPSS Inc.: Chicago IL; 1999.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Neural Network-Based Learning Kernel for Automatic Segmentation of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions on Magnetic Resonance Images
Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a degenerative disease of central nervous system. MS patients have some dead tissues in their brains called MS lesions. MRI is an imaging technique sensitive to soft tissues such as brain that shows MS lesions as hyper-intense or hypo-intense signals. Since manual segmentation of these lesions is a laborious and time consuming task, automatic segmentation is a need.Materials and Methods: In order to segment MS lesions, a method based on learning kernels has been proposed. The proposed method has three main steps namely; pre-processing, sub-region extraction and segmentation. The segmentation is performed by a kernel. This kernel is trained using a modified version of a special type of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) called Massive Training ANN (MTANN). The kernel incorporates surrounding pixel information as features for classification of middle pixel of kernel. The materials of this study include a part of MICCAI 2008 MS lesion segmentation grand challenge data-set.Results: Both qualitative and quantitative results show promising results. Similarity index of 70 percent in some cases is considered convincing. These results are obtained from information of only one MRI channel rather than multi-channel MRIs. Conclusion: This study shows the potential of surrounding pixel information to be incorporated in segmentation by learning kernels. The performance of proposed method will be improved using a special pre-processing pipeline and also a post-processing step for reducing false positives/negatives. An important advantage of proposed model is that it uses just FLAIR MRI that reduces computational time and brings comfort to patients.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43260_8af07fd122fb28f0db8e3ff0a695276e.pdf
2017-06-01
155
162
Multiple Sclerosis Lesions
Automatic Segmentation
Learning Kernels
MRI
MS
H
Khastavaneh
khastavaneh@hotmail.com
1
Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer and Electrical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
H
Ebrahimpour-Komleh
ebrahimpour@kashanu.ac.ir
2
Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Computer and Electrical Engineering, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
AUTHOR
Khastavaneh H, Haron H, editors. False Positives Reduction on Segmented Multiple Sclerosis Lesions Using Fuzzy Inference System by Incorporating Atlas Prior Anatomical Knowledge: A Conceptual Model. International Conference on Computational Collective Intelligence; 2014: Springer.
1
Mortazavi D, Kouzani AZ, Soltanian-Zadeh H. Segmentation of multiple sclerosis lesions in MR images: a review. Neuroradiology. 2012;54:299-320. doi.org/10.1007/s00234-011-0886-7. PubMed PMID: 21584674.
2
Ferrari RJ, Wei X, Zhang Y, Scott JN, Mitchell J, editors. Segmentation of multiple sclerosis lesions using support vector machines. Medical Imaging 2003; 2003: International Society for Optics and Photonics.
3
Geremia E, Clatz O, Menze BH, Konukoglu E, Criminisi A, Ayache N. Spatial decision forests for MS lesion segmentation in multi-channel magnetic resonance images. Neuroimage. 2011;57:378-90. doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.03.080. PubMed PMID: 21497655.
4
Anbeek P, Vincken KL, van Osch MJ, Bisschops RH, van der Grond J. Automatic segmentation of different-sized white matter lesions by voxel probability estimation. Med Image Anal. 2004;8:205-15. doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2004.06.019. PubMed PMID: 15450216.
5
Khastavaneh H, Haron H, editors. A Conceptual Model for Segmentation of Multiple Scleroses Lesions in Magnetic Resonance Images Using Massive Training Artificial Neural Network. 2014 5th International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation; 2014: IEEE.
6
Suzuki K, Doi K. Massive training artificial neural network (MTANN) for detecting abnormalities in medical images. Google Patents; 2004.
7
Suzuki K, Sheu I, Rockey DC, Dachman AH, editors. A CAD utilizing 3D massive-training ANNs for detection of flat lesions in CT colonography: preliminary results. SPIE Medical Imaging; 2009: International Society for Optics and Photonics.
8
Suzuki K, Doi K. How can a massive training artificial neural network (MTANN) be trained with a small number of cases in the distinction between nodules and vessels in thoracic CT? Acad Radiol. 2005;12:1333-41. doi.org/10.1016/j.acra.2005.06.017. PubMed PMID: 16179210.
9
Suzuki K. A supervised ‘lesion-enhancement’ filter by use of a massive-training artificial neural network (MTANN) in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD). Phys Med Biol. 2009;54:S31-45. doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/54/18/S03. PubMed PMID: 19687563. PubMed PMCID: 2782432.
10
Zhuang AH, Valentino DJ, Toga AW. Skull-stripping magnetic resonance brain images using a model-based level set. Neuroimage. 2006;32:79-92. doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2006.03.019. PubMed PMID: 16697666.
11
Tustison NJ, Avants BB, Cook PA, Zheng Y, Egan A, Yushkevich PA, et al. N4ITK: improved N3 bias correction. IEEE Trans Med Imaging. 2010;29:1310-20. doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2010.2046908. PubMed PMID: 20378467. PubMed PMCID: 3071855.
12
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Exposure to Visible Light Emitted from Smartphones and Tablets Increases the Proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus: Can this be Linked to Acne?
Background: Due to rapid advances in modern technologies such as telecommunication technology, the world has witnessed an exponential growth in the use of digital handheld devices (e.g. smartphones and tablets). This drastic growth has resulted in increased global concerns about the safety of these devices. Smartphones, tablets, laptops, and other digital screens emit high levels of short-wavelength visible light (i.e. blue color region in the visible light spectrum). Material and Methods: At a dark environment, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were exposed to the light emitted from common tablets/smartphones. The control samples were exposed to the same intensity of light generated by a conventional incandescent light bulb. The growth rate of bacteria was examined by measuring the optical density (OD) at 625 nm by using a spectrophotometer before the light exposure and after 30 to 330 minutes of light exposure. Results: The growth rates of bacteria in both smartphone and tablet groups were higher than that of the control group and the maximum smartphone/control and tablet/control growth ratios were observed in samples exposed to digital screens’ light for 300 min (ratios of 3.71 and 3.95, respectively). Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigates the effect of exposure to light emitted from digital screens on the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus and its association with acne pathogenesis. Our findings show that exposure to short-wavelength visible light emitted from smartphones and tablets can increase the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43261_343125d29569b16e533828052d7b9f99.pdf
2017-06-01
163
168
Smartphones
Tablets
Blue Light
Staphylococcus aureus
Acne
M
Taheri
motaheri360@gmail.com
1
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
AUTHOR
M
Darabyan
2
Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
E
Izadbakhsh
3
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
F
Nouri
4
Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
M
Haghani
5
Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
S A R
Mortazavi
alirmortazavi@yahoo.com
6
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
G
Mortazavi
7
Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
S M J
Mortazavi
mortazavismj@gmail.com
8
Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Moradi
9
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Buckus R, Strukcinskiene B, Raistenskis J. The assessment of electromagnetic field radiation exposure for mobile phone users. Vojnosanit Pregl. 2014;71(12):1138-43.
1
Deshmukh PS, Nasare N, Megha K, Banerjee BD, Ahmed RS, Singh D, et al. Cognitive impairment and neurogenotoxic effects in rats exposed to low-intensity microwave radiation. International journal of toxicology. 2015;34(3):284-90.
2
Medeiros LN, Sanchez TG. Tinnitus and cell phones: the role of electromagnetic radiofrequency radiation. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol. 2016;82(1):97-104.
3
Paul B, Saha I, Kumar S, Samim Ferdows SK, Ghose G. Mobile phones: time to rethink and limit usage. Indian J Public Health. 2015;59(1):37-41.
4
Yang L, Chen Q, Lv B, Wu T. Long-Term Evolution Electromagnetic Fields Exposure Modulates the Resting State EEG on Alpha and Beta Bands. Clin EEG Neurosci. 2016;25:1550059416644887.
5
Zhou Y, Zhang H, Niu Z. [Analysis of Electric Stress in Human Head in High-frequency Low-power Electromagnetic Environment]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi. 2015;32(2):295-9.
6
Mortazavi SMJ, Motamedifar M, Namdari G, Taheri M, Mortazavi AR, Shokrpour N. Non-Linear Adaptive Phenomena which Decrease the Risk of infection after Pre-Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation. Dose-Response. 2014;12(2):233–45. .
7
Mortazavi SMJ, Taeb S, Dehghan N. Alterations of Visual Reaction Time and Short Term Memory in Military Radar Personnel. Iranian J Publ Health. 2013;42(4):428-35.
8
Mortazavi SMJ, Rouintan MS, Taeb S, Dehghan N, Ghaffarpanah AA, Sadeghi Z, et al. Human short-term exposure to electromagnetic fields emitted by mobile phones decreases computer-assisted visual reaction time. Acta Neurologica Belgica. 2012;112(2):171-5.
9
Mortazavi SMJ, Mosleh-Shirazi MA, Tavassoli AR, Taheri M, Mehdizadeh AR, Namazi SAS, et al. Increased Radioresistance to Lethal Doses of Gamma Rays in Mice and Rats after Exposure to Microwave Radiation Emitted by a GSM Mobile Phone Simulator. Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society. 2013;11 (2):281-92.
10
Mortazavi S, Mosleh-Shirazi M, Tavassoli A, Taheri M, Bagheri Z, Ghalandari R, et al. A comparative study on the increased radioresistance to lethal doses of gamma rays after exposure to microwave radiation and oral intake of flaxseed oil. Iranian Journal of Radiation Research. 2011;9(1):9-14.
11
Mortazavi SMJ, Habib A, Ganj-Karimi AH, Samimi-Doost R, Pour-Abedi A, Babaie A. Alterations in TSH and Thyroid Hormones Following Mobile Phone Use. OMJ. 2009;24:274-8
12
Mortazavi SMJ, Daiee E, Yazdi A, Khiabani K, Kavousi A, Vazirinejad R, et al. Mercury release from dental amalgam restorations after magnetic resonance imaging and following mobile phone use. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 2008;11(8):1142-6.
13
Mortazavi SMJ, Ahmadi J, Shariati M. Prevalence of subjective poor health symptoms associated with exposure to electromagnetic fields among University students. Bioelectromagnetics. 2007;28(4):326-30.
14
Mortazavi SMJ. Safety Issue of Mobile Phone Base Stations. Journal of biomedical physics & engineering. 2013;3(1):1-2.
15
Mortazavi SA, Mortazavi G, Mortazavi SM. Comments on Meo et al. Association of Exposure to Radio-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Radiation (RF-EMFR) Generated by Mobile Phone Base Stations with Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 2015, 12, 14519-14528. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016;13(3).
16
Parsanezhad ME, Mortazavi SMJ, T. D. Exposure to Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted from Mobile Phone Jammers Adversely Affects the Quality of Human Sperm. International Journal of Radiation Research (IJRR). in press.
17
Mortazavi SMJ, Parsanezhad ME, Kazempour M, Ghahramani P, Mortazavi AR, Davari M. Male reproductive health under threat: Short term exposure to radiofrequency radiations emitted by common mobile jammers. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences. 2013;6(2):124-8.
18
Mortazavi SMJ, Tavasoli AR, Ranjbari F, Moamaei P. Effects of Laptop Computers’ Electromagnetic Field on Sperm Quality. Journal of Reproduction and Infertility. 2011;11(4):251-8.
19
Mortazavi SM. Isolation a new strain of Kocuria rosea capable of tolerating extreme conditions: J Environ Radioact. 2015 Sep;147:153-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.05.010. Epub 2015 May 31.
20
Mortazavi SM, Darvish L, Abounajmi M, Zarei S, Zare T, Taheri M, et al. Alteration of Bacterial Antibiotic Sensitivity After Short-Term Exposure to Diagnostic Ultrasound. Iranian Red Crescent medical journal. 2015;17(11).
21
Mortazavi SM, Motamedifar M, Namdari G, Taheri M, Mortazavi AR, Shokrpour N. Non-linear adaptive phenomena which decrease the risk of infection after pre-exposure to radiofrequency radiation. Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society. 2013;12(2):233-45.
22
Taheri M, Mortazavi SM, Moradi M, Mansouri S, Nouri F, Mortazavi SA, et al. Klebsiella pneumonia, a Microorganism that Approves the Non-linear Responses to Antibiotics and Window Theory after Exposure to Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz Electromagnetic Radiofrequency Radiation. Journal of biomedical physics & engineering. 2015;5(3):115-20.
23
Kozaki T, Kubokawa A, Taketomi R, Hatae K. Light-induced melatonin suppression at night after exposure to different wavelength composition of morning light. Neurosci Lett. 2016 Mar 11;616:1-4.
24
Figueiro MG, Plitnick BA, Lok A, Jones GE, Higgins P, Hornick TR, et al. Tailored lighting intervention improves measures of sleep, depression, and agitation in persons with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia living in long-term care facilities. Clinical interventions in aging. 2014;9:1527-37.
25
Ebbesen F, Vandborg PK, Madsen PH, Trydal T. Effect of phototherapy with turquoise vs. blue LED light of equal irradiance in jaundiced neonates. 2016 Mar;79(2):308-12.
26
Uchida Y, Morimoto Y, Uchiike T, Kamamoto T, Hayashi T, Arai I, et al. Phototherapy with blue and green mixed-light is as effective against unconjugated jaundice as blue light and reduces oxidative stress in the Gunn rat model. Early Hum Dev. 2015 Jul;91(7):381-5.
27
Mahdi Z, Habiboallh G, Mahbobeh NN, Mina ZJ, Majid Z, Nooshin A. Lethal effect of blue light-activated hydrogen peroxide, curcumin and erythrosine as potential oral photosensitizers on the viability of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Laser therapy. 2015 Mar 31;24(2):103-11.
28
Tosini G, Ferguson I, Tsubota K. Effects of blue light on the circadian system and eye physiology. Molecular vision. 2016;22:61-72.
29
Konig K, Teschke M, Sigusch B, Glockmann E, Eick S, Pfister W. Red light kills bacteria via photodynamic action. Cell Mol Biol. 2000;46(7):1297-303.
30
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Can Evolutionary-based Brain Map Be Used as a Complementary Diagnostic Tool with fMRI, CT and PET for Schizophrenic Patients?
Objective: In this research, a new approach termed as “evolutionary-based brain map†is presented as a diagnostic tool to classify schizophrenic and control subjects by distinguishing their electroencephalogram (EEG) features.Methods: Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is employed to find discriminative frequency bands from different EEG channels. By deploying the energy of those selected frequency bands from different channels within each time frame (window) on the scalp geometry, a sort of two dimensional points along with their values are created; by applying Lagrange interpolation, an image can be constructed. Finally, by averaging the images belonging to successive time frames, an evolutionary-based brain map is created.Results: In this study, twenty subjects from each group voluntarily participated and their EEG signals were caught from 20 channels. The energy of selected bands for different channels are arranged in a feature vector for each time frame and applied to Fisher linear discriminant analysis (FLDA) resulting in 83.74% diagnostic accuracy between the two groups. The achieved result by the proposed method was much higher than applying the energy of standard EEG bands (delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma) to the same classifier which just provided 77.04% accuracy. Applying T-test to the achieved results supports the supremacy of the proposed method as an automatic powerful diagnostic tool.Conclusion: The proposed brain map is capable of highlighting the same physiological and anatomical changes which are observed in fMRI, PET and CT as differentiable indicators between controls and schizophrenic patients
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43262_466aadde75a3bb4b521025176b3c01f2.pdf
2017-06-01
169
180
EEG Classification
Schizophrenia Disorder
Band Power
PSO
R
Boostani
boostani@shirazu.ac.ir
1
Department of Computer Sciences and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M
Sabeti
2
Department of Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM). Washington, DC: American psychiatric association; 1994. p. 143-7.
1
Organization WH. International statistical classification of diseases and health related problems (The) ICD-10: World Health Organization; 2004.
2
Cabeza R, Kingstone A. Handbook of functional neuroimaging of cognition. Mit Press; 2006.
3
Ulmer S, Jansen O. fMRI: basics and clinical application. Springer; 2010.
4
Hsieh J, editor. Computed tomography: principles, design, artifacts, and recent advances. SPIE Bellingham, WA; 2009.
5
Niedermeyer E, da Silva FL. Electroencephalography: basic principles, clinical applications, and related fields. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.
6
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A System for Continuous Estimating and Monitoring Cardiac Output via Arterial Waveform Analysis
Background: Cardiac output (CO) is the total volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute and is a function of heart rate and stroke volume. CO is one of the most important parameters for monitoring cardiac function, estimating global oxygen delivery and understanding the causes of high blood pressure. Hence, measuring CO has always been a matter of interest to researchers and clinicians. Several methods have been developed for this purpose, but a majority of them are either invasive, too expensive or need special expertise and experience. Besides, they are not usually risk free and have consequences.Objective: Here, a semi-invasive system was designed and developed for continuous CO measurement via analyzing and processing arterial pulse waves. Results: Quantitative evaluation of developed CO estimation system was performed using 7 signals. It showed that it has an acceptable average error of (6.5%) in estimating CO. In addition, this system has the ability to consistently estimate this parameter and to provide a CO versus time curve that assists in tracking changes of CO. Moreover, the system provides such curve for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, average blood pressure, heart rate and stroke volume.Conclusion: Evaluation of the results showed that the developed system is capable of accurately estimating CO. The curves which the system provides for important parameters may be valuable in monitoring hemodynamic status of high-risk surgical patients and critically ill patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU). Therefore, it could be a suitable system for monitoring hemodynamic status of critically ill patients.
https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43263_48b5e6a8773917e3baab2441b90719db.pdf
2017-06-01
181
190
Arterial Pulse Waveform
Cardiac Output Estimation
Stroke Volume
A
Vakily
1
Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
H
Parsaei
hparsaee@gmail.com
2
Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
M M
Movahhedi
3
Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
M A
Sahmeddini
4
Shiraz Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
AUTHOR
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