Shiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Editorial1243289ENA RMehdizadehEditor in Chief, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20180315https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43289_3799042e06ba9d694d978a4b7f2335ad.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Assessment of Neutron Contamination Originating from the Presence of Wedge and Block in Photon Beam Radiotherapy31243287ENM TBahreyni ToossiMedical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0002-3698-5716BKhajetashMedical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IranMGhorbaniMedical Physics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran0000-0001-5518-8870Journal Article20151220Background: One of the main causes of induction of secondary cancer in radiation therapy is neutron contamination received by patients during treatment.<br />Objective: In the present study the impact of wedge and block on neutron contamination production is investigated. The evaluations are conducted for a 15 MV Siemens Primus linear accelerator. <br />Methods: Simulations were performed using MCNPX Monte Carlo code. 30˚, 45˚ and 60˚ wedges and a cerrobend block with dimensions of 1.5 × 1.5 × 7 cm3 were simulated. The investigation were performed in the 10 × 10 cm2 field size at source to surface distance of 100 cm for depth of 0.5, 2, 3 and 4 cm in a water phantom. Neutron dose was calculated using F4 tally with flux to dose conversion factors and F6 tally.<br />Results: Results showed that the presence of wedge increases the neutron contamination when the wedge factor was considered. In addition, 45˚ wedge produced the most amount of neutron contamination. If the block is in the center of the field, the cerrobend block caused less neutron contamination than the open field due to absorption of neutrons and photon attenuation. The results showed that neutron contamination is less in steeper depths. The results for two tallies showed practically equivalent results.<br />Conclusion: Wedge causes neutron contamination hence should be considered in therapeutic protocols in which wedge is used. In terms of clinical aspects, the results of this study show that superficial tissues such as skin will tolerate more neutron contamination than the deep tissues.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43287_ec407b294605de714c988fa1d77b0c4b.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301A Monte Carlo Study on Dose Enhancement by Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Distributions of Gold Nanoparticles in Radiotherapy with Low Energy X-rays132843294ENMZabihzadehDepartment of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranDepartments of Clinical Oncology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranStudent Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iranhttps://orcid.org/00TMoshirianDepartment of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranMGhorbaniBiomedical Engineering and Medical Physics Department, Faculty of
Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-5518-8870CKnaupComprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USAM ABehroozDepartment of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20150717Background: To enhance the dose to tumor, the use of high atomic number elements has been proposed.Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of gold nanoparticle distribution on dose enhancement in tumor when the tumor is irradiated by typical monoenergetic X-ray beams by considering homogeneous and inhomogeneous distributions of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in the tumor.Methods: MCNP-4C Monte Carlo code was utilized for the simulation of a source, a phantom containing tumor and gold nanoparticles with concentrations of 10, 30 and 70 mg Au/g tumor. A 15 cm×15 cm×15 cm cubic water phantom was irradiated with a small planar source with four monoenergetic X-ray beams of 35, 55, 75 and 95 keV energy. Furthermore, tumor depths of 2.5 cm, 4.5 cm and 6.5 cm with homogeneous and inhomogeneous distributions of nanoparticles were studied. Each concentration, photon energy, tumor depth and type of distribution was evaluated in a separate simulation.Results: Results have shown that dose enhancement factor (DEF) in tumor increases approximately linearly with the concentration of gold nanoparticles. While DEF has fluctuations with photon energy, 55 keV photons have the highest DEF values compared to other energies. While DEF has relatively the same values with tumor located at various depths, inhomogeneous distribution of GNP has shown different results compared with the homogeneous model. Dose enhancement can be expected with relatively deep seated tumors in radiotherapy with low energy X-rays. Inhomogeneous model is recommended for the purpose of dose enhancement study because it mimics the real distribution of GNPs in tumor.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43294_3f3d89103710da4830240882b65de5ac.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Evaluation of the Effect of Source Geometry on the Output of Miniature X-ray Tube for Electronic Brachytherapy through Simulation29424329510.31661/jbpe.v8i1Mar.697ENBBaratiDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranMZabihzadehDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iranhttps://orcid.org/00M JTahmasebi BirganiDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran0000-0002-8748-3505NCheginiDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranJFatahiaslDepartment of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranIMirrDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20161205Objective: The use of miniature X-ray source in electronic brachytherapy is on the rise so there is an urgent need to acquire more knowledge on X-ray spectrum production and distribution by a dose. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of target thickness and geometry at the source of miniature X-ray tube on tube output.Method: Five sources were simulated based on problems each with a specific geometric structure and conditions using MCNPX code. Tallies proportional to the output were used to calculate the results for the influence of source geometry on output.Results: The results of this work include the size of the optimal thickness of 5 miniature sources, energy spectrum of the sources per 50 kev and also the axial and transverse dose of simulated sources were calculated based on these thicknesses. The miniature source geometric was affected on the output x-ray tube.Conclusion: The result of this study demonstrates that hemispherical-conical, hemispherical and truncated-conical miniature sources were determined as the most suitable tools.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43295_755c39a1fcf5ad3aed7c7deb9e850a13.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Monte Carlo Simulation of Electron Beams produced by LIAC Intraoperative Radiation Therapy Accelerator435243296ENMRobatjaziMedical Physics and Radiological Sciences Department, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, IranKTanhaPersian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IranS RMahdaviMedical Physics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-1973-2140H RBaghaniPhysics Department, School of Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, IranH RMirzaeiRadiation Therapy Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMMousaviMedical Physics and Radiological Sciences Department, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, IranNNafissiSurgery Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranEAkbariOncological Surgery Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranvJournal Article20160216Background: One of the main problems of dedicated IORT accelerators is to determine dosimetric characteristics of the electron beams. Monte Carlo simulation of IORT accelerator head and produced beam will be useful to improve the accuracy of beam dosimetry.Materials and Methods: Liac accelerator head was modeled using the BEAMnrcMonte Carlo simulation system. Phase-space files were generated at the bottom of the applicators. These phase-space files were used as an input source in DOSXYZnrc and BEAMDP codes for dose calculation and analysis of the characteristic of the electron beams in all applicators and energies.Results: The results of Monte Carlo calculations are in very close agreement with the measurements. There is a decrease in the peak of the initial spectrum when electrons come from the end of accelerator wave guide to the end of applicator. By decreasing the applicator diameter, the mean energy of electron beam decreased. Using applicators and increasing their size, X-ray contamination will increase. The percentage of X-ray contamination increases by applicator diameter. This is related to the increase of the mean energy of electron beams.Conclusion: Application of PMMA collimator leads to, although well below accepted level, the production of bremsstrahlung. The results of this study showed that special design of LIAC head accompanying by PMMA collimator system cause to produce an electron beam with an individual dosimetric characteristic making it a useful tool for intraoperative radiotherapy purposes.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43296_afd60a1228ee34403cdf3efdcb9812c0.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301New Pseudo-CT Generation Approach from Magnetic Resonance Imaging using a Local Texture Descriptor536443297ENHChaibiLab. LITIO, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella- Algeria.RNourineLab. LITIO, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella- Algeria.Journal Article20160912Background: One of the challenges of PET/MRI combined systems is to derive an attenuation map to correct the PET image. For that, the pseudo-CT image could be used to correct the attenuation. Until now, most existing scientific researches construct this pseudo-CT image using the registration techniques. However, these techniques suffer from the local minima of the non-rigid deformation energy function which leads to unsatisfactory results.Objective: We propose in this paper a new approach for the generation of a pseudo-CT image from an MR image.Materials and Methods: This approach is based on a dense stereo matching concept, for that, we encode each pixel according to a shape related coordinates method, and we apply a local texture descriptor to put into correspondence pixels between MRI patient and MRI atlas images. The proposed approach was tested on a real MRI data, and in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed local descriptor, it has been compared to three other local descriptors: SIFT, SURF and DAISY. Also it was compared to registration method.Results: The calculation of structural similarity (SSIM) index and DICE coefficients, between the pseudo-CT image and the corresponding real CT image show that the proposed stereo matching approach outperforms a registration one.Conclusion: The use of dense matching with atlas promises good results in the creation of pseudo-CT. The proposed approach can be recommended as an alternative to registration techniques.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43297_3527cd2fce7265810f6be93fa29be3c2.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Comparison and Evaluation of Different Treatment Plans with IFRT Field and 6 and 18 MV Energies in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Involvement Neck and Mediastinum65724329810.31661/jbpe.v8i1Mar.759ENM BTavakoliProfessor, Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0001-5786-4721MMalekiM.Sc., Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranAAkhavanAssistant Professor, Department of Radiation-Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran0000-0003-0050-3444THadisiniaPh.D. Student, Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-8201-8711IAbediPh.D. Student, Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranAAmouheidariOncologist, Department of Radiation Oncology, Isfahan Milad Hospital, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20170411Background: Radiotherapy with large mantle field is an effective technique in increasing the risk of secondary cancers among HL (Hodgkin Lymphoma) patients; therefore, it is essential to choose an effective treatment field including the least medical conditions in radiotherapy.Objective: The present study aimed to plan separate fields for neck and mediastinum using various energies, to compare dose distribution with MLC and to block field formation.Materials and Methods: In this study, 3D conformal treatments, Siemens Oncor accelerator equipped with multi-leaf collimator (MLC) were performed to create anterior-posterior fields. CT-scan data of 18 female patients with neck and mediastinal involvement was imported in TIGRT treatment planning system, and then treatment plans were introduced.Results and Conclusion: Using treatment plan 1, photon 6 MV in neck weighting 1 from interior, 0.5 from posterior, photon 18MV in mediastinum weighting 1 from interior and 0.5 from posterior, it was shown that regarding the common treatment plan used with photon 6 MV, mean dose delivered to breast, lung, esophagus and larynx reduced 6, 7, 41 and 10 percent, respectively and uniformity index improved by 10 percent. Using block compared to MLC in all treatment plans offered improved average dose in all organs under study. To protect breast and lung while using MLC and block in the first treatment plan seemed to be more appropriate; however, using blocks in comparison to MLC increased delivered mean dose in all organs under study. Using separate fields with Pb blocks, though, showed smaller increase.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43298_19c2e77e6bc39a9ab152ecfe2d3c3ce3.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Determining Changes in Electromyography Indices when Measuring Maximum Acceptable Weight of Lift in Iranian Male Students73864329910.31661/jbpe.v8i1Mar.443ENASalehi Sahl AbadiDepartment of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAMazloumiDepartment of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranGNasl SarajiDepartment of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranHZeraatiDepartment of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranM RHadianDepartment of Postgraduate Studies, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Int. Campus (TUMS-IC), Tehran, IranA HJafariMedical Physics and Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-1759-2079Journal Article20150908Background: In spite of the increasing degree of automation in industry, manual material handling (MMH) is still performed in many occupational settings. The aim of the current study was to determine the maximum acceptable weight of lift using psychophysical and electromyography indices.Methods: This experimental study was conducted among 15 male students recruited from Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Each participant performed 18 different lifting tasks which involved three lifting frequencies, three lifting heights and two box sizes. Each set of experiments was conducted during the 20 min work period using free-style lifting technique and subjective as well as objective assessment methodologies. SPSS version 18 software was used for descriptive and analytical analyses by Friedman, Wilcoxon and Spearman correlation techniques.Results: The results demonstrated that muscle activity increased with increasing frequency, height of lift and box size (P<0.05). Meanwhile, MAWLs obtained in this study are lower than those in Snook table (P<0.05). In this study, the level of muscle activity in percent MVC in relation to the erector spine muscles in L3 and T9 regions as well as left and right abdominal external oblique muscles were at 38.89%, 27.78%, 11.11% and 5.55% in terms of muscle activity is more than 70% MVC, respectively. The results of Wilcoxon test revealed that for both small and large boxes under all conditions, significant differences were detected between the beginning and end of the test values for MPF of erector spine in L3 and T9 regions, and left and right abdominal external oblique muscles (P<0.05). The results of Spearman correlation test showed that there was a significant relation between the MAWL, RMS and MPF of the muscles in all test conditions (P<0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it was concluded if muscle activity is more than 70% of MVC, the values of Snook tables should be revisited. Furthermore, the biomechanical perspective should receive special attention in determining the standards for MMH https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43299_c9c1beb3da2759e5f0576198e4d415a0.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Diagnosis of Tempromandibular Disorders Using Local Binary Patterns879643300ENA AHaghnegahdarDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, school of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranSKolahiDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, school of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranLKhojastepourDepartment of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, school of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranFTajeripourDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20160515Background: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) might be manifested as structural changes in bone through modification, adaptation or direct destruction. We propose to use Local Binary Pattern (LBP) characteristics and histogram-oriented gradients on the recorded images as a diagnostic tool in TMD assessment.Material and Methods: CBCT images of 66 patients (132 joints) with TMD and 66 normal cases (132 joints) were collected and 2 coronal cut prepared from each condyle, although images were limited to head of mandibular condyle. In order to extract features of images, first we use LBP and then histogram of oriented gradients. To reduce dimensionality, the linear algebra Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is applied to the feature vectors matrix of all images. For evaluation, we used K nearest neighbor (K-NN), Support Vector Machine, Naïve Bayesian and Random Forest classifiers. We used Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) to evaluate the hypothesis.Results: K nearest neighbor classifier achieves a very good accuracy (0.9242), moreover, it has desirable sensitivity (0.9470) and specificity (0.9015) results, when other classifiers have lower accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion: We proposed a fully automatic approach to detect TMD using image processing techniques based on local binary patterns and feature extraction. K-NN has been the best classifier for our experiments in detecting patients from healthy individuals, by 92.42% accuracy, 94.70% sensitivity and 90.15% specificity. The proposed method can help automatically diagnose TMD at its initial stages.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43300_470c338f188ec34e57403a52ad827214.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301A Quantitative Investigation on the Effect of Edge Enhancement for Improving Visual Acuity at Different Levels of Contrast9710643301ENSNabaviBiomedical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Advanced Medical Technology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranAMehri DehnaviBiomedical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Advanced Medical Technology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMedical Image & Signal Processing Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranAVardBiomedical Engineering Dept., Faculty of Advanced Medical Technology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranMedical Image & Signal Processing Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IranSMohammad PourIranian Scientific Association of Optometry, Tehran, IranJournal Article20160116Background: The major limitation in human vision is refractive error. Auxiliary equipment and methods for these people are not always available. In addition, limited range of accommodation in adult people when switching from a far point to a near point is not simply possible. In this paper, we are looking for solutions to use the facilities of digital image processing and displaying to improve visual acuity when using digital display devices. We quantitatively investigate the effect of edge enhancement on improving the visual acuity at different levels of contrast. We can improve visual acuity for people such as emmetropia, myopia and hyperopia when they utilize display devices.Materials and Methods: According to the objective of this research, 24 visual acuity optical charts were designed using MATLAB software, based on logMAR standard. The charts have different levels of contrast with enhanced edges of optotypes at two brightness levels: 0 and 255. The proposed patterns were tested on 20 human subjects. The obtained results for each chart were analyzed in SPSS software.Results: The results show that at all contrast levels, edge enhancement improves visual acuity. The degree of improvement where the edges have brightness level of 0 is higher than where the edges have brightness level of 255. Conclusion: Based on the results, enhancing the edges of optotypes in the background image improves visual acuity by about 16.1% on logMAR scale.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43301_d962e233aba35aef30a538f798a797a4.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Automatic Prostate Cancer Segmentation Using Kinetic Analysis in Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI10711643302ENSNavaei LavasaniDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAMostaarDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMAshtiyaniDepartment of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-5788-8491Journal Article20160328Background: Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) provides functional information on the microcirculation in tissues by analyzing the enhancement kinetics which can be used as biomarkers for prostate lesions detection and characterization.Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate spatiotemporal patterns of tumors by extracting semi-quantitative as well as wavelet-based features, both extracted from pixel-based time-signal intensity curves to segment prostate lesions on prostate DCE-MRI. Methods: Quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI data were acquired on 22 patients. Optimal features selected by forward selection are used for the segmentation of prostate lesions by applying fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering. The images were reviewed by an expert radiologist and manual segmentation performed as the ground truth. Results: Empirical results indicate that fuzzy c-mean classifier can achieve better results in terms of sensitivity, speciïcity when semi-quantitative features were considered versus wavelet kinetic features for lesion segmentation (Sensitivity of 87.58% and 75.62%, respectively) and (Specificity of 89.85% and 68.89 %, respectively).Conclusion: The proposed segmentation algorithm in this work can potentially be implemented for automatic prostate lesion detection in a computer aided diagnosis scheme and combined with morphologic features to increase diagnostic credibilityhttps://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43302_14e1b8781fb4b75151203d2f18aeaa18.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301A New Algorithm for Skin Lesion Border Detection in Dermoscopy Images11712643303ENEMeskiniDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, IranM SHelfroushDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, IranKKazemiDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz, IranMSepaskhahMolecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20150908Background: With advances in medical imaging systems, digital dermoscopy has become one of the major imaging modalities in the analysis of skin lesions. Thus, automated segmentation or border detection has a great impact on the subsequent steps of skin cancer computer-aided diagnosis using demoscopy images. Since dermoscopy images suffer from artifacts such as shading and hair, there is a need for automated and robust artifact attenuation removal and lesion border detection.Methods: A method for segmentation of dermoscopy images is proposed based on active contour. To this end, at first, a simple method for hair pixels is restored and a new scheme for shading detection is proposed. Then, particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is applied to select the best coefficients for converting RGB to gray level. The obtained gray level image is then used as input for multi Otsu method which provides initial contour for border detection using active contour. Finally, Chan and Vese active contour is used for final lesion border detection.Results: The method is tested on a total of 145 dermoscopic images: 79 cases with benign lesion and 75 cases with melanoma lesion. Mean accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were obtained 94%, 78.5% and 99%, respectively.Conclusion: Results reveal that the proposed method segments the lesion from dermoscopy images accurately.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43303_2723e72752795b124db22defa15dbaee.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Food Quality Control: A Review12713243293ENHamedEbrahimnejadDDS, MSc, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, IranHadiEbrahimnejadDVM, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, IranASalajeghehMSc, Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranHBarghiDDS, MSc, Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20160820Modern challenges of food science require a new understanding of the determinants of food quality and safety. Application of advanced imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has seen impressive successes and fast growth over the past decade. Since MRI does not have any harmful ionizing radiation, it can be considered as a magnificent tool for the quality control of food products. MRI allows the structure of foods to be imaged noninvasively and nondestructively. Magnetic resonance images can present information about several processes and material properties in foods. This review will provide an overview of the most prominent applications of MRI in food research.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43293_69b8c4a7acae6f76ac4daa7c0ed004ec.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Protective Effects of IMOD and Cimetidine against Radiation-induced Cellular Damage13314043290ENSRahgoshaiDepartment of Medical radiation Science, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranMMohammadiDepartment of Medical radiation Science, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSRefahiAssistant Professor of Medical Physics, Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, IranMOladghaffariCellular & Molecular Biology Research Center, Medical Physics Department, Faculty of medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, IranS M RAghamiriDepartment of Radiation Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, IranJournal Article20160305Radiation damage is to a large extent caused by overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Radioprotectors are agents or substances that reduce the effects of radiation in healthy normal tissues while maintaining the sensitivity to radiation damage in tumor cells.<br />Radioprotectors are agents or substances that reduce the effects of radiation in healthy normal tissues while maintaining the sensitivity to radiation damage in tumor cells<br />Cimetidine was found more effective when used in vivo; this effect might be due to the augmentation of the presence of Sulphur atom in the compound which is important for their scavenging activity.<br />Recently, a new herbal-based medicine with immunomodulatory capacities, Setarud (IMOD), was introduced as an additional therapy in various inflammatory diseases and HIV infection. <br />IMOD is a mixture of herbal extracts enriched with selenium. Selenium confers protection by inducing or activating cellular free-radical scavenging systems and by enhancing peroxide breakdown. This article suggests that nontoxic amount of IMOD and cimetidine have radioprotective properties and could reduce cytotoxic effects of radiation.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43290_9ec0b2edf0eadb4576dd6f4245f1e9bb.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301“Triple M” Effect: A Proposed Mechanism to Explain Increased Dental Amalgam Microleakage after Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation14114643288ENGhMortazaviDentist, Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranS A RMortazaviStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-1563-6592A RMehdizadehMedical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20160623A large body of evidence now indicates that the amount of mercury released from dental amalgam fillings can be significantly accelerated by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs) such as common mobile phones and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Studies performed on the increased microleakage of dental amalgam restorations after exposure to RF-EMFs have further supported these findings. Although the accelerated microleakage induced by RF-EMFs is clinically significant, the entire mechanisms of this phenomenon are not clearly understood. In this paper, we introduce “Triple M” effect, a new evidence-based theory which can explain the accelerated microleakage of dental amalgam fillings after exposure to different sources of electromagnetic radiation. Based on this theory, there are saliva-filled tiny spaces between amalgam and the tooth. Exposure of the oral cavity to RF-EMFs increases the energy of these small amounts of saliva. Due to the small mass of saliva in these tiny spaces, a small amount of energy will be required for heating. Moreover, reflection of the radiofrequency radiation on the inner walls of the tiny spaces causes interference which in turn produces some “hot spots” in these spaces. Finally, formation of gas bubbles in response to increased temperature and very rapid expansion of these bubbles will accelerate the microleakage of amalgam. Experiments that confirm the validity of this theory are discussed.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43288_b3ea96e1e5b46e531ef1cb239c3cfff4.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301A New Stethoscope Design with Unique Characteristics and Development in Medical Device14715043291ENMGhahremanifarFaculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences. Yasuj, Iran0000-0002-0645-3479MHaghaniIonizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University
of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranRadiology Department, Paramedical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-8225-6354AGhadimi MoghadamFaculty of Medicine, Szeged University, Szeged, HungaryA KGhadimi MoghadamPediatric Infectious Ward, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, IranIonizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University
of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranJournal Article20160826As regards the significant role of stethoscopes in the diagnosis of congenital and adventitious heart diseases and prevention of irreparable complications of these diseases, the quality of hearing sound of these stethoscopes by a physician has a significant impact on the disease diagnosis. This device plays an important role in the early diagnosis of congenital heart and respiratory diseases and provides this feasibility since birth. Also, the importance of this device performance in the diagnosis of heart, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases at different age periods is not a secret. This new invented device, in comparison to a variety of available stethoscopes in the field of diagnosis, is capable of hearing the sound of a very high quality and cancelling the noise of sound that sometimes leads to wrong diagnosis or misdiagnosis. This new invented stethoscope is approved by cardiologists, lung and Infectious disease specialists as well as being registered under No. 78382 in Patent Islamic Republic of Iran.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43291_1a0d418631c8814456185f67daec04b2.pdfShiraz University of Medical SciencesJournal of Biomedical Physics and Engineering2251-72008120180301Cancers of the Brain and CNS: Global Patterns and Trends in Incidence15115243292ENS M JMortazaviFox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA Email: s.m.javad.mortazavi@fccc.eduIonizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0003-0139-2774S A RMortazaviStudent of Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-1563-6592MPaknahadAssistant Professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-9022-6518Journal Article20170322Miranda-Filho et al. in their recently published paper entitled “Cancers of the brain and CNS: global patterns and trends in incidence†provided a global status report of the geographic and temporal variations in the incidence of brain and CNS cancers in different countries across continents worldwide. While the authors confirm the role of genetic risk factors and ionizing radiation exposures, they claimed that no firm conclusion could be drawn about the role of exposure to non-ionizing radiation. The paper authored by Miranda-Filho et al. not only addresses a challenging issue, it can be considered as a good contribution in the field of brain and CNS cancers. However, our correspondence addresses a basic shortcoming of this paper about the role of electromagnetic fields and cancers and provides evidence showing that exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs), at least at high levels and long durations, can increases the risk of cancer.https://jbpe.sums.ac.ir/article_43292_97d89badf8f29f3b3c6d192a6bc276f4.pdf