Document Type : Original Research
Authors
- Baharak Divband 1, 2
- Zahraa Haleem Al-qaim 3
- Falah H. Hussein 4
- Davood Khezerloo 5, 6
- Nahideh Gharehaghaji 5, 6
1 Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Inorganic Chemistry Department, Chemistry Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 Anesthesia Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al_Mustaqbal University, 51001, Babylon, Iraq
4 College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Iraq
5 Department of Radiology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
6 Medical Radiation Sciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Abstract
Background: Application of the nanomaterials to preparing X-ray shields and successfully treating multiresistant microorganisms has attracted great attention in modern life.
Objective: This study aimed to prepare flexible silicone-based matrices containing Bi2O3, PbO, or Bi2O3/PbO nanoparticles and select a cost-effective, cytocompatible, and antibacterial/antifungal X-ray shield in clinical radiography.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, we prepared the nanoparticles by the modified biosynthesis method and fabricated the X-ray shields containing 20 wt% of the nanoparticles. The X-ray attenuation percentage and Half Value Layer (HVL) of the shields were investigated for the photon energies in the range of 40-100 kVp in clinical radiography. The antibacterial/antifungal activities of the shields were evaluated using a colony count method for the gram-negative (Escherichia coli), and gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis) bacteria, and Candida albicans fungus. The shield toxicity was investigated on A549 cells.
Results: The highest X-ray attenuation percentage and the lowest HVL were obtained using the shield containing Bi2O3 nanoparticles. Although all shields displayed antimicrobial activity, the shield containing Bi2O3/PbO nanoparticles showed the most effective reduction in the colony counts. Both X-ray shields containing nano Bi2O3 and Bi2O3/PbO demonstrated high cytocompatibility on A549 cells at a concentration as high as 500 µg/ml. The shield with PbO nanoparticles was also cytocompatible at a concentration of 50 µg/ml.
Conclusion: The best X-ray attenuation performance is attributed to the silicone-based matrix with nano Bi2O3; however, the flexible shield with Bi2O3/PbO nanoparticles can be cost-effective and cytocompatible with the best antibacterial/antifungal properties.
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