Document Type : Original Research
Authors
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Background: Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is a common surgical procedure used to restore joint function. However, maintaining implant longevity and reducing wear remain major challenges, particularly under dynamic, high-impact activities.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical performance of a newly designed hip implant to enhance durability during activities.
Material and Methods: In this analytical study, a new hip implant configuration was analysed using finite element methods to assess stress distribution, wear, and fatigue life. Radial clearance effects were examined, and wear estimation was performed using Archard’s model. The fatigue performance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the liner behaviour of Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) were compared to conventional materials.
Results: Optimizing the design, a 0.2-millimetre radial clearance reduced contact pressure and improved implant durability. The material selection also contributed significantly: Ti-6Al-4V provided superior fatigue safety margins for high-impact loads, while UHMWPE liners significantly reduced wear rates. Overall, the CoCr-UHMWPE-Ti-6Al-4V combination achieved enhanced mechanical stability, wear resistance, and fatigue life.
Conclusion: The optimized implant configuration demonstrates promising mechanical performance for active THA patients. Further experimental and clinical validation is necessary to confirm long-term safety and durability before clinical implementation.
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